Balik kampung eyeball dengan rakan local sik. Dari kiri 9W2FL (Fadzil), SWL Cher dan SWL Amirul.
Sambil pergi majlis pertunangan sempat eyeball dengan 9M2MZ (pak marzuki) di rumah beliau di Jeniang.
2007/12/25
23/12/2007 eyeball di local sik
Balik kampung eyeball dengan rakan local sik. Dari kiri 9W2FL (Fadzil), SWL Cher dan SWL Amirul.2007/12/14
Eyeball dengan 9W2MTX dan 9W2MTT 11/12/2007
Kebetulan berjumpa dengan mereke berdua atas urusan kerja. Sebelah kanan 9w2mtx Robert dan sebelah kiri 9w2mtt Basir2007/12/04
Sejarah: Repeater 9MN359 - Gunung Raya (9M4RGR)
Repeater ASTRA 9MN359 di Gunung Raya, Langkawi, ialah repeater yang pada asalnya untuk Gunung Keriang, Alor Setar, Kedah.
Cadangan awal untuk pemasangan Repeater Gunung Keriang dibuat oleh 9M2HN dalam Mesyuarat JPA pada 5 April 2003. Untuk memulakan projek berkenaan, 9M2HN merupakan penyumbang pertama untuk menjayakan Projek Repeater di Gunung Keriang.
Usaha untuk mendapatkan sumbangan selanjutnya diserahkan kepada ahli- ahli ASTRA dalam Daerah Kota Setar.
Dalam Mesyuarat JPA pada 21 Jun 2003, 9M2RR memaklumkan bahawa Repeater Gunung Keriang telah mendapat Callsign 9MN359.
Walaubagaimana pun, dalam Mesyuarat JPA pada 27 March 2004, keputusan telah dibuat agar Projek Repeater Gunung Keriang dibatalkan. Ini adalah disebabkan kurang mendapat sumbangan, kerjasama dan sokongan dari ahli-ahli ASTRA Daerah Kota Setar.
Setiausaha Kehormat (ketika itu) mengemukakan cadangan agar Repeater 9MN359 dipindahkan ke Gunung Raya, Langkawi, berasaskan beberapa alasan seperti belum ada repeater radio amatur di pulau berkenaan, untuk kegunaan orang tempatan dan pelancung dari dalam dan luar negara, serta operator/ MM yang berlabuh di Langkawi. Selain dari itu, tujuan utama pemindahan repeater berkenaan ialah untuk kegunaan pelawat-pelawat dari dalam dan luar negara yang menyertai dan melawat LIMA 2005. Repeater 9MN359 hendaklah dibuat seperti Repeater ASTRA di Bukit Dedap iaitu "local & linking".
Pada 17 April 2004, kerja-kerja pemasangan Repeater ASTRA 9MN359 di Gunung Raya, Pulau Langkawi, mula dijalankan. Ianya diketuai oleh 9M2RR (Pengerusi Biro Komunikasi, Teknikal & Repeater ketika itu),
dan dibantu oleh 9W2KZ, 9W2AU, 9W2QS (Pengurus ASTRA Langkawi ketika itu), 9W2FL, 9W2RZ dan 9W2CB.
Dipetik dari:
Hompej Rangkaian Repeater ASTRA
Januari 2005
Cadangan awal untuk pemasangan Repeater Gunung Keriang dibuat oleh 9M2HN dalam Mesyuarat JPA pada 5 April 2003. Untuk memulakan projek berkenaan, 9M2HN merupakan penyumbang pertama untuk menjayakan Projek Repeater di Gunung Keriang.
Usaha untuk mendapatkan sumbangan selanjutnya diserahkan kepada ahli- ahli ASTRA dalam Daerah Kota Setar.
Dalam Mesyuarat JPA pada 21 Jun 2003, 9M2RR memaklumkan bahawa Repeater Gunung Keriang telah mendapat Callsign 9MN359.
Walaubagaimana pun, dalam Mesyuarat JPA pada 27 March 2004, keputusan telah dibuat agar Projek Repeater Gunung Keriang dibatalkan. Ini adalah disebabkan kurang mendapat sumbangan, kerjasama dan sokongan dari ahli-ahli ASTRA Daerah Kota Setar.
Setiausaha Kehormat (ketika itu) mengemukakan cadangan agar Repeater 9MN359 dipindahkan ke Gunung Raya, Langkawi, berasaskan beberapa alasan seperti belum ada repeater radio amatur di pulau berkenaan, untuk kegunaan orang tempatan dan pelancung dari dalam dan luar negara, serta operator/ MM yang berlabuh di Langkawi. Selain dari itu, tujuan utama pemindahan repeater berkenaan ialah untuk kegunaan pelawat-pelawat dari dalam dan luar negara yang menyertai dan melawat LIMA 2005. Repeater 9MN359 hendaklah dibuat seperti Repeater ASTRA di Bukit Dedap iaitu "local & linking".
Pada 17 April 2004, kerja-kerja pemasangan Repeater ASTRA 9MN359 di Gunung Raya, Pulau Langkawi, mula dijalankan. Ianya diketuai oleh 9M2RR (Pengerusi Biro Komunikasi, Teknikal & Repeater ketika itu),
dan dibantu oleh 9W2KZ, 9W2AU, 9W2QS (Pengurus ASTRA Langkawi ketika itu), 9W2FL, 9W2RZ dan 9W2CB.
Dipetik dari:
Hompej Rangkaian Repeater ASTRA
Januari 2005
2007/11/25
News: Penguatkuasaan Suruhanjaya Komunikasi dan Multimedia Malaysia (SKMM)
Parabola dipasang secara haram kena rampas: PEGAWAI Penguatkuasa Suruhanjaya Komunikasi dan Multimedia Malaysia (SKMM) menanggalkan parabola yang dirampas kerana dipercayai dipasang secara haram bagi mendapatkan siaran stesen televisyen satelit tanpa sebarang sekatan di sebuah taman perumahan, dekat Tampin. SKMM mengesan empat rumah melakukan kegiatan itu. Penolong Pengarah Jabatan Penguatkuasaan, Bahagian Pelesenan dan Penguatkuasaan SKMM, Enkatesulu Juval, berkata ia hasil operasi kira-kira tiga jam bermula 9.30 pagi semalam yang dilancarkan agensi itu susulan laporan akhbar, 11 November lalu.
Di petik daripada Berita Minggu
Ahad, 25 November 2007
15 Zulkaedah 1428
15 Zulkaedah 1428
2007/11/21
Sejarah: Repeater 9WO433 - Bukit Dedap (9M4RBD)
Repeater ASTRA (9WO433) di Bukit Dedap, Sik, Kedah - mula beroperasi jam 11.07 malam, hari Rabu, 13 Mac 2002.
Pemasangannya adalah dibuat untuk membolehkan anggota ADEC (Astra's Disaster & Emergency Communication) serta ahli-ahli ASTRA sekitar Sik memberikan bantuan komunikasi kepada Jabatan Bomba & Penyelamat Malaysia yang bertungkuslumus memadam kebakaran hutan di sekitar Daerah Sik, Kedah, ketika itu.
Repeater yang terletak di ketinggian 403 kaki asl, juga merupakan satu kemudahan yang tidak ternilai kepada ahli-ahli ASTRA sekitar Daerah Sik. Repeater 9WO433 dilinkkan dengan Repeater 9MX244 di Bukit Larut.Ianya juga telah digunakan sebagai satu kemudahan kepada ahli-ahli ASTRA dan ahli-ahli radio amator keseluruhannya yang bertugas atau melawat Jambori Pengakap Malaysia Ke 10 pada 13-24 Ogos 2002, di Rimba Taqwa, Sik, Kedah dengan menggunakan CallSign 9M2PPM. Ianya juga telah digunakan oleh anak-anak pengakap untuk QSO dengan stesyen radio amatur ke seluruh Semenanjung Malaysia
Repeater 9WO433 di Bukit Dedap, Sik, Kedah, merupakan repeater ASTRA "dua dalam satu (local & linking)" yang pertama dalam ASTRA
Pemasangan Repeater 9WO433 di Bukit Dedap pada 13 Mac 2002 oleh Pegawai-Pegawai Biro Komunikasi, Teknikal & Repeater ASTRA ketika itu yang diketuai oleh:
Pengerusi Biro: 9M2RR - ABD RAHIM ABD RAHMANSetiausaha Biro: 9W2PH - AHMAD PUAD ABDUL HALIMDan dibantu oleh: Ahli-Ahli ASTRA sekitar Sik.
Pada 25 Mei 2002, kerja-kerja menaikkan Repeater 9WO433 di Bukit Dedap, dijalankan dengan diketuai oleh 9M2RR (Pengerusi Biro) dan dibantu oleh 9W2IN, 9W2KT (Allahyarham), 9W2RN, 9W2FL, 9W2WI, 9W2BJ, 9W2TB, 9W2RT, SWL ASRI (sekarang 9W2ASR), SWL ROSHIDAN, SWL NORZANZURI, SWL SHAFIE dan SWL JUNID.
Dipetik dari:Hompej Rangkaian Repeater ASTRAJanuari 2005
2007/11/07
Pantun: Sebagai Anak Melayu Hayatilah Maksudnya.........cari sendiri.
Berburu ke padang datar,
Dapat rusa berbelang kaki,
Berguru kepala ajar,
Ibarat bunga kembang tak jadi.
Pohon pepaya didalam semak,
Pohon manggis sebasar lengan,
Kawan tertawa memang banyak,
Kawan menangis diharap jangan,
Dapat rusa berbelang kaki,
Berguru kepala ajar,
Ibarat bunga kembang tak jadi.
Pohon pepaya didalam semak,
Pohon manggis sebasar lengan,
Kawan tertawa memang banyak,
Kawan menangis diharap jangan,
2007/10/22
2007/10/19
Eyeball di Highway Utara Selatan 18-10-2007
9W2DMGDalam perjalanan balik ke kuala lumpur sempat jugak ber eyeball dengan Tok Megat di hentian sebelah sungai bakap.
Eyeball di Bota Kanan Perak. 13-10-2007
9W2HSY
Eyeball dengan Hasya di malam raya di kedai makan bota kanan, perak
9W2ZLASempat jugak ber eyeball di malam raya dengan cikgu azizal bota kanan, perak
2007/10/04
Kad Raya daripada Agensi Angkasa Negara (ANGKASA)
Kami dari warga ANGKASA ingin mengucapkan Selamat Hari Raya Aidilfitri, Maaf Zahir & Batin.Email daripada: Agensi Angkasa Negara (ANGKASA) administrator@angkasa.gov.my
Di terima pada : 4 October 2007
Jam: 12.22pm
2007/08/20
Amateur Radio Repeater
Amateur Radio Repeater
An amateur radio repeater is an electronic device that receives a weak or low-level amateur radio signal and retransmits it at a higher level or higher power, so that the signal can cover longer distances without degradation.
In amateur radio , repeaters are typically maintained by individual hobbyists or local groups of amateur radio operators. Many repeaters are provided openly to other amateur radio operators and typically not used as a remote base station by a single user or group. In some areas multiple repeaters are linked together to form a wide-coverage network, such as the linked system provided by the Independent Repeater Association which covers most of western Michigan, or the Western Intertie Network System ("WINsystem") that covers most of California at
Services provided by a repeater may include an autopatch connection to a POTS PSTN telephone line to allow users to make telephone calls from their keypad-equipped radios. These advanced services may be limited to members of the group or club that maintains the repeater. Many amateur radio repeaters typically have a squelch tone (CTCSS or PL tone ) implemented to prevent them from being keyed-up (operated) accidentally by interference from other radio signals.
In many communities, the repeater has become the on-the-air gathering spot for the local amateur radio community. Local public service nets may be heard on these systems and many are employed by weather spotters . In an emergency or a disaster a repeater can sometimes help to provide needed communications between areas that could not otherwise communicate. Until cellular telephones became popular, it was common for community repeaters to have "drive time" monitoring stations so that mobile amateurs could call in traffic accidents via the repeater to the monitoring station who could relay it to the local police agencies via telephone.
Repeaters may also be linked together or connected to over the Internet using voice over IP (VoIP ). Echolink > allows hams with computers to connect to repeaters anywhere around the world and the Internet Radio Linking Project (IRLP ) and App rpt/Asterisk allow for direct repeater linking. In addition, communications satellites called OSCARs have been launched with the specific purpose of operating as spaceborne amateur repeaters.
In the UK, repeaters are managed by the Emerging Technology Co-ordination Committee of the Radio Society of Great Britain and licenced by Ofcom the industry regulator for communications
Equipment
The most basic repeater consists of an FM receiver on one frequency and an FM transmitter on another frequency usually in the same radio band, connected together so that when the receiver picks up a signal, the transmitter is keyed and rebroadcasts whatever is heard.
Ham repeaters are found mainly in the VHF two meter (144 - 148 MHz) and the UHF 70 centimeter (420 - 450 MHz) bands, but can be used on most any frequency pair above 29 MHz . Note that different countries have different rules; for example, in the United States, the two meter band is 144-148MHz, while in the United Kingdom and most of Europe) it's 144-146MHz.
Repeater frequency sets are known as "repeater pairs," and in the ham radio community most follow ad hoc standards for the difference between the two frequencies. In the two-meter band, the standard is a 600 kHz shift, but some non-conforming oddball-split repeaters can be found in various places. The actual frequency pair used is assigned by a local frequency coordinating council.
In the days of crystal-controlled radios, these pairs were identified by the last portion of the transmit (Input) frequency followed by the last portion of the receive (Output) frequency that the ham would put into the radio. Thus "three-four nine-four" (34/94) meant that hams would transmit on 146.34MHz and listen on 146.94MHz (while the repeater would do the opposite, listening on 146.34 and transmitting on 146.94). In areas with many repeaters, "reverse splits" were common (i.e., 94/34), to prevent interference between systems.
Since the late 1970s, the use of synthesized, microprocessor-controlled radios, and widespread adoption of standard frequency splits have changed the way repeater pairs are described. In 1980, a ham might have been told that a repeater was on "22/82" -- today they will most often be told "682 down." The 6 refers to the last digit of 146MHz, so that the display will read "146.82" (the output frequency), and the radio is set to transmit "down" 600kHz on 146.22MHz.
Repeaters typically have a timer to cut off retransmission of a signal with goes too long. Repeaters operated by groups with an emphasis on emergency communications often limit each transmission to 30 seconds, while others may allow three minutes or even longer. The time restarts after a short pause following each transmission, and many feature a beep or chirp tone to signal that this has taken place.
A type of system known as a simplex repeater uses a single transceiver and a short-duration recorder, which records whatever the receiver picks up for a set length of time, then plays back the recording over the transmitter on the same frequency. A common name for them is a "parrot" repeater.
Standard repeaters require either the use of two antennas (one each for transmitter and receiver) or a diplexer (also duplexer) to isolate the transmit and receive signals over a single antenna. The Duplexer is a device which prevents the repeater's high power transmitter (on the output frequency) from drowning out the users' signal on the repeater receiver (on the input frequency).
Most repeaters are remotely controlled through the use of audio tones on a control channel
The most basic repeater consists of an FM receiver on one frequency and an FM transmitter on another frequency usually in the same radio band, connected together so that when the receiver picks up a signal, the transmitter is keyed and rebroadcasts whatever is heard.
Ham repeaters are found mainly in the VHF two meter (144 - 148 MHz) and the UHF 70 centimeter (420 - 450 MHz) bands, but can be used on most any frequency pair above 29 MHz . Note that different countries have different rules; for example, in the United States, the two meter band is 144-148MHz, while in the United Kingdom and most of Europe) it's 144-146MHz.
Repeater frequency sets are known as "repeater pairs," and in the ham radio community most follow ad hoc standards for the difference between the two frequencies. In the two-meter band, the standard is a 600 kHz shift, but some non-conforming oddball-split repeaters can be found in various places. The actual frequency pair used is assigned by a local frequency coordinating council.
In the days of crystal-controlled radios, these pairs were identified by the last portion of the transmit (Input) frequency followed by the last portion of the receive (Output) frequency that the ham would put into the radio. Thus "three-four nine-four" (34/94) meant that hams would transmit on 146.34MHz and listen on 146.94MHz (while the repeater would do the opposite, listening on 146.34 and transmitting on 146.94). In areas with many repeaters, "reverse splits" were common (i.e., 94/34), to prevent interference between systems.
Since the late 1970s, the use of synthesized, microprocessor-controlled radios, and widespread adoption of standard frequency splits have changed the way repeater pairs are described. In 1980, a ham might have been told that a repeater was on "22/82" -- today they will most often be told "682 down." The 6 refers to the last digit of 146MHz, so that the display will read "146.82" (the output frequency), and the radio is set to transmit "down" 600kHz on 146.22MHz.
Repeaters typically have a timer to cut off retransmission of a signal with goes too long. Repeaters operated by groups with an emphasis on emergency communications often limit each transmission to 30 seconds, while others may allow three minutes or even longer. The time restarts after a short pause following each transmission, and many feature a beep or chirp tone to signal that this has taken place.
A type of system known as a simplex repeater uses a single transceiver and a short-duration recorder, which records whatever the receiver picks up for a set length of time, then plays back the recording over the transmitter on the same frequency. A common name for them is a "parrot" repeater.
Standard repeaters require either the use of two antennas (one each for transmitter and receiver) or a diplexer (also duplexer) to isolate the transmit and receive signals over a single antenna. The Duplexer is a device which prevents the repeater's high power transmitter (on the output frequency) from drowning out the users' signal on the repeater receiver (on the input frequency).
Most repeaters are remotely controlled through the use of audio tones on a control channel
2007/06/14
Ohm's Law Basic
Ohm's law states that, in an electrical circuit, the current passing through a conductor from one terminal point on the conductor to another terminal point on the conductor is directly proportional to the potential difference(i.e. voltage drop or voltage) across the two terminal points and inversely proportional to the resistance of the conductor between the two terminal points. In mathematical terms, this is written as:
where I is the current, V is the potential difference, and R is a constant called the resistance. The potential difference is also known as the voltage drop , and is sometimes denoted by E or U instead of V. [1]
The SI unit of current is the ampere ; that of potential difference is the volt ; and that of resistance is the ohm, equal to one volt per ampere
where I is the current, V is the potential difference, and R is a constant called the resistance. The potential difference is also known as the voltage drop , and is sometimes denoted by E or U instead of V. [1]
The SI unit of current is the ampere ; that of potential difference is the volt ; and that of resistance is the ohm, equal to one volt per ampere
A voltage source, V, drives an electric current, I , through resistor, R, the three quantities obeying Ohm's law: V = IR.
Sample RAE question:-
Picture 1
i- Follow the picture 1. Given I = 1 amp and V = 10 volt. Calculate the resistor ?
Answer:-
V = IR or V = I x R
so calculate the resistor using this formula
R = V / I
R = 10 volt / 1 amp
R = 10 ohm.
ii- If the resistor R = 20 ohm. Calculate the voltage ?. Given I = 4 amp.
Answer:-
V = I R
V = 20 ohm (4 amp)
V = 80 volt.
2007/05/22
HamMaps
2007/04/24
28.0 to 29.7mhz 10 MeTer BanD AmATeuR
Malay version
Tahukah anda!!! Frequency 28.0mhz to 27.9mhz atau dikenali 10 meter amateur band sangat popular di luar negara. Mungkin di Malaysia ini kurang sambutan. Mungkin juga tiada alat yang sesuai untuk digunakan. Tetapi di luar negara sudah lama di perkenalkan sejak tahun 1962. Kalau ada perasan dalam licence amateur class B yang di kelurkan oleh MCMC. Membenarkan kita menggunakan frequency ini 28.0 to 27.9mhz (amateur, amateur setellic).
Salah satu club 10 meter amateur bank popular ialah Ten Ten International Net bertempat
di Southern California kalau tak salah saya. Mempunya ahli seramai 70 ribu orang pada tahun 1975 dan sekarang melebihi 73 ribu orang. Ten Ten international Net ini juga mempunyai commitees’ yang kuat dan bertanggungajawab membangunkan Ten Ten club ini. Seperti biasa sesiapa yang berminat menjadi ahli mestilah register dan perlu membayar yuran keahlian. Apabila anda sudah register anda akan diberi nombor special “10-10 Number” di samping callsign. Oleh sebab itu tiada menjadi masalah apabila kita berQSO dalam fequency kita menyebut callsign kita dengan no ahli ASTRA contoh: - 9W2RIE ASTRA 0414. Sedangkan Ten Ten club ini di iktiraf oleh ITU boleh menggunakan nombor special apa salahnya kita mempergunakan nombor astra. Penggunaan nombor astra untuk pengetahuan anda masih lagi dalam kajian oleh ahli jawatan kuasa tertinggi astra namun boleh di peraktikkan.
Untuk maklumat lanjut mengenai Ten Ten club ini anda bolehlah melawat di website rasmi Ten Ten International net http://www.ten-ten.org. Logo Ten - Ten International ada di paparkan seperti diatas.
Salah satu club 10 meter amateur bank popular ialah Ten Ten International Net bertempat
di Southern California kalau tak salah saya. Mempunya ahli seramai 70 ribu orang pada tahun 1975 dan sekarang melebihi 73 ribu orang. Ten Ten international Net ini juga mempunyai commitees’ yang kuat dan bertanggungajawab membangunkan Ten Ten club ini. Seperti biasa sesiapa yang berminat menjadi ahli mestilah register dan perlu membayar yuran keahlian. Apabila anda sudah register anda akan diberi nombor special “10-10 Number” di samping callsign. Oleh sebab itu tiada menjadi masalah apabila kita berQSO dalam fequency kita menyebut callsign kita dengan no ahli ASTRA contoh: - 9W2RIE ASTRA 0414. Sedangkan Ten Ten club ini di iktiraf oleh ITU boleh menggunakan nombor special apa salahnya kita mempergunakan nombor astra. Penggunaan nombor astra untuk pengetahuan anda masih lagi dalam kajian oleh ahli jawatan kuasa tertinggi astra namun boleh di peraktikkan.Untuk maklumat lanjut mengenai Ten Ten club ini anda bolehlah melawat di website rasmi Ten Ten International net http://www.ten-ten.org. Logo Ten - Ten International ada di paparkan seperti diatas.
English version
Are you aware that the frequency with the bandwidth from 28 MHz to 29.7 MHz better known as the 10 meter Amateur Band is a very popular organization overseas. Its was well known overseas since it was established in 1962. And if you are aware, as stated in license Amateur Class B which was introduced by MCMC which allows the user to use frequency ranging from 28 MHz to 29.7 MHz (amateur, amateur sattelite). If I’m mistaken there was a popular 10 Meter Amateur Club named Ten Ten International Net located in Southern California. It had a total membership count of 70,000 in the year 1975 and currently it had increased to more then 73,000 members. The members of Ten Ten International Net committee has a strong bond with each other and a strong commitment in developing the club as of today
As a usual procedure for those who were interested in joining the club were required to register and a small fee was charged for membership purpose. Upon being a new member, a special ID example “10-10 number” with a callsign is assigned to the particular individual. Therefore there would be no problem when members QSO each other in the same frequency bandwidth. Example a registered member would just mention his/her callsign with a valid ASTRA ID (identity), example: 9W2RIE ASTRA 0414. Since the Ten Ten Club is recognized and certified by ITU therefore users are encouraged to full usage of the ASTRA code. The usage of this ASTRA number is still being researched for purpose of development by the high commission.
For further information and details please visit our website by clicking the below address, that’s the official website for “Ten Ten International Net” http://www.ten-ten.org/.
2007/04/19
2007/04/18
Code Morse
Walaupun baru dalam radio amateur ni.........tapi bercita-cita untuk ambik 9M2 plak insyaallah akan datang.
2007/04/17
Gambar Bersama 9W2LED dan Pak Marzuki(9M2MZ)
Pak Marzuki adalah Penasihat Astra dan juga merupakan salah seorang yang terlibat dalam penubuhan astra
2007/04/16
AGM annual general meeting
Mesyuarat Agung ASTRA KE-1014hb April 2007
Pasir Salak Kg Gajah
PERAK DARULRIDZUAN
Pasir Salak Kg Gajah
PERAK DARULRIDZUAN
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)